Zinc has an important role in skin health and its deficiency reduces immunity to evaluate levels of zinc in SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA (SCC) and BASAL CELL CARCINOMA (BCC) of skin, we studied 44 BCC and 38 SCC cases together with 33 controls. Blood samples were taken and after separation of serum, levels of zinc, albumin and total protein were measured by atomic absorption albumin kit and reflectometer consecutively. Serum globulin levels were estimated by subtracting albumin from total protein levels. Zinc levels were significantly lower in cancer cases than control (P<0.001). Mean serum albumin of BCC cases was significantly more than controls (P<0.01), but in BCC cases was not significantly different. Significant correlations were seen between levels of serum zinc and albumin of SCC (r=0.507, P<0.01) and BCC(r=0.43, P<0.01) patients and controls(r=0.35,P<0.01). Mean globulin levels in cancer cases were significantly lower than control group (P<0.01).We concluded that serum zinc and globulin levels decrease in BCC and SCC of skin.

BASAL CELL CARCINOMA is the, most common skin cancer that has nodular, superficial, micronodular, Morpheaform, pigmented, metatypical and fibroepithelioma of Pinkus subtypes. In this report, we evaluated the efficacy of cryosurgery with liquid nitrogen for BASAL CELL CARCINOMA in three patients. The response was good and patients were followed regularly. There were no recurrences after 25 months follow-up. This method is fast and appropriate for certain types of BASAL CELL CARCINOMAs.      

Since the mid 1970s, several studies have shown that the incidence of SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA of oral mocusa has been rising steadily. While oral cancer remains Longley a disease associated with older age groups, the increasing incidence has been particularly evident amongst younger adults. Because of severe illness and disability related to the disease and in order to determine the risk factors related to oral cancer type S.C.C. (SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA), a matched cas-control study was conducted. Data was collected from several centers and in all 52 patients and 104controls were included in the study. Cases and controls were matched according to sex and age (±4 years). Seventy three percent of lesions were in tongue. The ratio cases in women were more than men, but because of matching on sex, The significant test was not performed. There was no significant difference in the frequency of S.C.C type oral cancer between cases and controls with regard to smoking, average of cigarette used in the last year of smoking and over the years of smoking. Other risk factors that showed significant relationship in this study were: using denture, history of oral candidiasis and oral health status. People who had used meat and candies, showed higher probability of caseness more frequently than others. The study findings are in line with already published data.  

Background & Aim: Tumour ANGIOGENESIS is essential for tumour growth and appears to play an important role both in invasive growth and METASTASIS. BASAL CELL CARCINOMAs(BCCs) and SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMAs(SCCs) of the skin are derived from a similar CELL type but differ in the invasive and metastatic potential. This study investigates whether the behaviour of these tumours could be explained by differences in their ANGIOGENESIS patterns. Material & Method: Vessel counts were made of blood vessels in the stroma and the body of 32 BCCs, 15 SCCs, and 4 normal skin samples, both after H&E(Hematoxylin and Eosin) and immunohistochemical staining using CD31 monoclonal antibody. Results: The stromal(P<0.0001) and body(P<0.0001) counts for SCCs differed significantly from the counts for BCCs. There was a correlation between the vascular density and degree of differentiation in SCC samples(P=0.002). The stromal(P<0.0001) and body(P<0.0001) counts for BCCs differed significantly in invasive and non-invasive groups. Conclusion: The microvascular density is correlated with invasive growth pattern and METASTASIS of skin SCCs and BCCs. It seems that the vessels in the tumour body play a more important role

Background and Aim: SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA (SCC) constitutes 94% of oral malignancies. In recent decade many molecular and genetic changes have been known to affect tumoral behavior which might be good targets for new drug production. It is known that expression of EGF is correlated with poor prognosis and expression of laminin- 5 can lead to the development of premalignant lesions to in situ or invasive malignancies. The aim of this study was to determine the correlation between the expression of EGFR and laminin- 5 with clinical stage and microscopic grade of oral see.Materials & Methods: Forty two paraffin blocks with diagnosis of see were collected from oral pathology department of Shahid Beheshti dental school. Immunohistochemical staining was performed with antibodies against EGFR and laminin -5. Two pathologists counted the number of stained CELLs under light microscope and expression of these two markers was compared by Kendal test.Results: No significant correlation was found between expression of EGFR and tumoral stage and grade. But a significant correlation was found between the expression of laminin-5 with tumoral grade and stage was found (p<0.01).Conclusion: It is concluded that laminin-5 is a marker with a significant effect in developing of a higher tumoral stage and grade but more precise researches are needed to identifying the role of EGFR.

Introduction: Oral cancer is a prevalent malignant tumor among head and neck cancers, and Oral SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA (OSCC) accounts for 90% of oral cancers. Early diagnosis and treatment is the most important factor in reducing the mortality of OSCC, the purpose of this study is to investigate the level of awareness of final year dental students at Isfahan Azad University about the methods used to diagnose OSCC lesions. Materials and methods: In this cross-sectional descriptive study, which was conducted in the academic year of 2021-2022 among 82 final year students from the Faculty of Dentistry at Isfahan Azad University, a research questionnaire was distributed among the students. Data analysis was done in two descriptive and inferential sections. The collected data were analyzed using non-parametric Mann-Whitney test and Spearman correlation coefficient at the error level of 0.05% (p value < 0.05). Results: The findings of the current research indicate that 47.9% of female students and 52.1% of male students; 80.5% of students were single, 19.5% were married, 74.4% were native and 25.6% were non-native. The average knowledge score was above average (3.48 out of 6), and there were no significant differences in the average knowledge scores between male and female students, single and married, and native and non-native (p value > 0.05). Conclusion: The results of the present study showed that the level of knowledge and awareness among final year dental students of Isfahan Islamic Azad University in relation to the diagnosis of OSCC lesions is average and far from the ideal level.

BASAL CELL CARCINOMA (BCC) is currently the most common cutaneous cancer - found in humans. Although it generally shows a relatively benign course (BCC1), some cases show aggressive behavior (BCC2). Until recently, traditional histologic diagnostic criteria have failed to discriminate unequivocally between BCC1and BCC2. In this study we selected 50 cases of BCC and categorized them into two groups (BCC1 and BCC2) on the basis of histologic criteria and then examined the rate of ANGIOGENESIS to establish if it correlates with their histological features and/or clinical behavior. The vessels were highlighted by immunohistochemical staining for factor VІІІ-related antigen in formalin fixed paraffin embedded tissues. All 25 cases of BCC2, whose clinical behavior was aggressive had microvessel counts significantly higher than that of the BCC1 group with mean values of 50.24 and 20.9 for BCC2 and BCC1 respectively. But there were eight cases of morphological BCCI who had aggressive clinical behavior and interestingly had microvessel counts higher than the other cases of BCC1. The findings of the present study seem to establish a correlation between tumor ANGIOGENESIS and clinicobiological parameters of aggressiveness. From this point of view the assay of microvessel density might be helpful in selecting patients with BCCs at high risk for recurrence or METASTASIS, who could benefit from additional therapies and closer followup.

Introduction: Clear CELL odontogenic CARCINOMA (CCOC) is a rare aggressive odontogenic tumor occurring mostly in the mandible in 5th-7th decades. It shows a female preponderance, capable of frequent recurrences and loco-regional and distant metastases.Case presentation: A 40-year-old man with swelling in the area of left mandibular body and ascending ramus visited a dentist, and the patient's third molar was extracted with initial diagnosis of infection and abscess. Following extraction of the third Molar, the patient was referred to the oral and maxillofacial surgeon for continuous swelling and pain. In the panoramic view a multilocular radiolucent panoramic view a a multilocular radiolucent lesion with well-defined and partially corticated borders was evident. The lesion was removed partially and CCOC histopathologic features were observed in the microscopic view.Immunohistochemically, the tumor CELLs were positive for Pancytokeratin and Epithelial Membrane Antigen and negative for Vimentin, Smooth Musle Actin, HMB-45 and Desmin. S-100 staining was weakly positive. The patient did not return for further treatment and one year later there was no recurrence of swelling in the region.Conclusion: Due to histological similarities of this lesion with other clear CELL lesions, differentiation From odontogenic tumors, salivary gland tumors and metastatic tumors, containing clear CELLs must be considered.